Darasin Akhlak {7}.

                A darasin daya gabata wato darasi na 6 bayani ya gudana akan {AL’B wato zuciya,an kawo abubuwa guda 9 da suke da ala}a da ita,amma an tsaya ana shidda,sauran aka ce sai darasi na gaba insha- Allah.Sabada haka a yanzu za a tashi ana 7-Magance bushewar zuciya:Malaman irfan ko tasawwuf sunyi bayani dangane hanyoyin maganin bushewar zuciya

,saboda gudun tsawaitawa ga guda 3 daga ciki.1-Nisantar zunubi,barin zunubi hanya ce babba na magance bushewar zuciya,domin shi zunubi ko sa~o guba ne ga zuciya,wato kasancewar babu abinda yafi illa ga zuciya kamar zunubi,saboda duk lokacin da zuciya ta bushe ko tai tsatsa ko ta makance ko ta karkace koma ta mutu to asasin haka shine zunubi.shi yasa zamu ga malaman suluki suna }arfafawa ga muhimmancin nisantar zunubi.Saboda ma muhimmancinsa anan za a ]anyi bayani dangane wasu ababe da suke da ala}a da zunubi.

A-    Illolin zunubi ko sa~o

B-     Abubuwan da suke sa mutum ya aikata zunubi

C-     Abubuwan da suke hana mutum aikata zunubi

D-    Fai’dodin nisantar zunubi

E-     Muhimmancin nisantar zunubi akan aikata aikin ]a’a

A-    Illolin zunubi :yin zunubi yana da illoli masu yawan gaske a addinin mutum da duniyarsa da kuma lahirarsa kamar yadda haka yazo a hadisai masu yawan gaske,ga misalan wasu daga ciki.1-Zunubi yana hana amsar addu’a.An ruwaito daga Imam Ba}ir[AS] yace  « Lalle mutum zai iya ro}on Allah wata bu}ata,Allah ma]aukaki kuma ya hukum ta ma mutumin biyan bu}atar a kusa ko nesa,to sai mutumin ya aikata wani zunubi,to sakamakon haka sai Allah ma]aukaki ya hana masa biyan bu}atar »wannan hadisi ya nuna mana daga cikin sharu]]a da kuma asrar na amsar addu’a akwai nisantar zunubi.2-Zunubi yana dabaibaye mutum daga ayyukan ibada,wato aikata zunubi ko sa~o yana iya hana mutum aikata ayyuka na ibada da ya saba yi,An ruwaito daga Imam Ali [AS]cewa wani mutumi yazo wajensa,yace masa  « Lalle ni yanzu bana iya tashi sallar tahajjud[sallar dare]sai Imam Ali yace masa zunuban kane suka ]aure ka » Haka nan kuma a wani hadisi da aka samo daga ImamSadi}[AS]yace « Lallai mutum zai iya yin }arya,}arya ]aya,a saboda ita sai Allah ya haramta masa sallar tahajjud,in kuma Allah ya haramta masa sallar tahajjud,sai ya haramta masa arziki »da yake daga cikin faidodi na sallar tahajjud baya ga faidodin a addinance da kuma a lahirance,a duniyance mabu]i ce ta samun arziki.Yazo akan cewa Sayyid Taba-taba’i wato marubucin littafin tafsiri na Al-mizan lokacin da yaje karatu a birnin Najaf,sai ya ziyarci wani malami kuma babbab Arifi Azamaninsa domin neman shawarwari kan ilimi da yazo nema,to daga cikin abubuwan da yace masa shine ya lizimci yin sallar tahajjud,har ma yake ce masa in duniya kake so to ka lizimci sallar tahajjud,in kuma lahira kake so to ka lizimci sallar tahajjud.wannan malami kuma arifi shine Ayatullahi sayyid Ali al-{hadiy,kusan mafi yawan urafa’u na wannan zamanin almajiransa ne.wato kamar su Ayatullahi Bahajati.Dawowa ga illolin zunubi,saboda haka duk lokacin da mutum ya saba aikata wasu ayyuka na ibadodi,sai kuma wani lokaci yaga bai yinsu to ya binciki kansa,wani abu ya faru gare shi,ba mamaki suna da ala}a da zunubi.Ta wata }issa dana karanta ta wani bawan Allah cikin magabata ya saba yana tashi sallar tahajjud,to sai wani lokaci ya samu kansa bai iya tashi sallar tahajjud ]in,to sai daga baya tunani yazo mai cewa,asasin haka shine munana zato da yayi ma wani.shi ya jefa shi cikin wannan mummunan halin.3-Haka nan zunubi yana mantar da mutum ilimin da ya sani ko kuma wani hadda na Al-}ur’ani,kamar yadda yazo a wani hadisi daga manzo Allah[SAAW] yace « Ku guji zunubi domin zunubi yana goge al-hairai,lalle mutum zai aikata zunubi,haka ya zama sanadiyya ya manta ilimin da ya sani. »Haka nan akwai }issar wani ]alibi da ya kai kukan halin da yake ciki na matsalar hadda wato in ya haddace abu ya kan manta,to sai malamin da ya kai kukan nasa wajensa,sunansa Waki’u,yace masa ya nisanci sa~o.shine har ]alibin yayi baitoci na wa}e akan haka.Saboda haka nisantar zunubi yana taimakawa sosai wajen ri}e hadda da kuma ilimin da mutum ya sani.4-Zunubi yana gusar da ni’ima,wato idan Allah[T] yayi ma mutum ni’ima,ni’iman nan ta addini ne ko ta duniya,to yin zunubi yana iya zama sanadiyyar Allah[T] ya amshe ni’imar,kamar yadda aka ruwaito haka daga ImamSadi}[AS] yace « Allah[T] bai yi wata ni’ima ga wani bawa ba,ya kuma amshe masa ni’imar,har sai in ya aikata wani zunubi wanda ya cancanci a amshe masa ni’imar. »saboda haka idan Allah[T]yayi ma mutum ni’ima,babban hanya ta tabbatuwar ni’imar shine nisantar zunubi.kamar yadda godiya ga Allah[T] ga ni’ima hanya ce ta samun  }ari.5-Zunubi yana saukar da musiba :wato aikata zunubi ko sa~o yana iya zama sanadiyyar saukar musiba ga mutum,kamar yadda aka ruwaito haka daga Imam Ali[AS] yace  « ku guji zunubi,domin babu wata musiba ko tawaya ta arziki face saboda aikata zunubi ne. »An samo kuma daga Imam Ba}ir[AS] yace « Babu wata musiba da zata samu mutum face saboda zunubine. » Ata}aice dai zunubi yana da illoli masu yawan gaske.kuma in mutum ya karanta dua’u khumail zai ga wasu fa}arori a ciki sun zo da wasu sigogi na neman gafara,daga nau’oin zunubai dabam-dabam.misali Allah ka gafarta min zunuban da suke canza ni’ima,Allah ka gafarta man zunuban da suke tsare addu’a,Allah ka gafarta man zunuban da suke saukar da bala’i,da dai sauransu.    

B-     Abubuwan da suke sa mutum ya aikata zunubi :Akwai abubuwa da yawa da suke sa mutum ya aikata zunubi kamar yadda malaman suluki suka yi bayani,ga wasu daga ciki.1-Rashin mura}abar Allah ma]aukaki,duk lokacin da mutum bai shu’urin mura}abar Allah,wato jin cewa Allah yana ganinsa,yana jinsa,to cikin sau}i zai iya yin zunubi,misali idan yana tunanin Allah yana jinsa  kuma yana ganinsa kuma yasan tunanin da yake yi a zuciyarsa,to ba zai yi }arya ba ko giba ko riya ko kuma ha’inci da dai sauransu.2-Rashin tunanin mutuwa da kuma abinda ke bayanta,yawan tunanin mutuwa yana taimakawa wajen nisantar zunubai,misali idan mutum ya safiyantu yaji cewa ba zai kai yamma ba zai koma ga Allah,to haka zai sa masa }umajin nisantar zunubi da kuma lizimtar ayyukan ]a’a,haka nan in ya kai yamman yaji cewa ba zai kai safiya ba.3-Rashin mujahada,daga cikin abubuwan da suke taimaka ma mutum wajen nisantar zunubi akwai mujahada,wato duk lokacin da wani abu da ya shafi zunubi ko sa~o ya bijiro ma mutum,misali yin giba ko ganin abinda ya haramta ko jin abinda ya haramta da dai sauransu na sa~o to mutum ya ya}i naf’s ]insa da shai]an wajen ganin bai aikata zunubin ba.to in mutum ya lizimci yin wannan mujahada wato fa]a da ransa da kuma shai]an to zai kai matsayin da zai samu sul]a wato iko akan ransa da shai]an,har ya zamo shi yake juya su basu suke juya shiba.kuma wannan shine hadafin mujahada wato kaiwa ga wannan matsayi.4-Daga cikin abubuwan da suke sa mutum ya aikata zunubi akwai rashin tunani ga illolin zunubi.wato idan mutum na yawan tunani dangane da illolin zunubi,a addinance da aduniyance da kuma a lahirarsa,misali mu duba irin wasu daga cikin illolinsa da aka ambata a sama.wannan illoli a fa wannan gida na duniya kenan,to ina ga ranar }iyamah.

C-     Abubuwan da suke hana mutum aikata zunubi ko sa~o :wa]annan ababe kosune wa]anda aka ambata abaya1-Mura}aba 2-Tafakkur na mutuwa 3-Mujahada 4-Tafakkur na illolin zunubi.an ]anyi bayanin su abaya,

D-    Fai’dodin nisantar zunubi :Akwai fai’dodi masu yawan gaske,ga wasu daga ciki,zai kusanta mutum ga Allah[T] domin babu wani abu da yake nisanta mutum ga Allah[T] kamar zunubi,Haka nan daga cikin fai’dodin nisantar zunubi baya ga kyautata ala}ar mutum da Allah ma]aukaki,akwai kuma kyautatuwar ala}arsa da Manzon Allah[S] da kuma Aimma na Ahlul bayt[AS] da yake kamar yadda yazo a hadisai, ayyukan da muke aikatawa akan kai su ga Manzon Allah[S]da kuma  Imamin Zamani wato Imam Mahdi[AS] wasu ayyukan su faranta masu rai,wasu kuma su ~ata masu rai,to babu ayyukan da zasu ~ata masu rai kamar zunubi,akwai lokacin da Imam Sadi}[AS] yake cema mabiyansa, ku dai na munana ma Manzon Allah[S] jin haka sai hankalin su ya tashi,su kace ta yaya zamu munana ma Manzon Allah[S] ? yace masu baku san ayyukan ku akan kai ma Manzon Allah[S]ba. Wasu su faranta masa rai,wasu kuma su  ~ata masa rai.Saboda haka mutum ya dunga tunanin ayyukan da yake aikatawa,ayyuka ne da in an kai ma Manzon Allah[S] da kuma Imam Mahdi[AS] Zasu faranta masu rai ko akasin haka ?Haka nan kuma daga cikin fai’dodin nisantar zunubi akwai samun isti}ama ga ayyukan ibadodi,domin zunubi yana haifar da rashin isti}ama ga ayyukan ibadodo.Haka nan daga cikin fai’dodin nisantar zunubi akwai amsar addu’a,domin zunubi shamaki ne babba na amsar addu’a.Da dai fai’dodi masu yawan gaske.

E-     Muhimmancin nisantar zunubi kan aikin ]a’a :Wato wa]annan ~angarori guda biyu na addini,umarce-umarce da kuma hane-hane,dukkansu biyun tsayuwa dasu yana da gayar muhimmanci,amma da za’a tambaya wanne ya kamata mutum yafi }arfafawa,musamman a suluki zuwa ga Allah ma]aukaki ?amsa ~angaren hane-hane,sai dai alura nan ba ana nufin umarce –umarce na wajibi ba.misali anan yadda abin zai fita,yin Hassada,yazo a hadisi cewa Hassada tana cin ladar kyawawan aikin mutum kamar yadda wuta take cin itatuwa.wannan hadisi ya nuna cewa ko da mutum yana da ayyuka na ]a’a,wanda aka rubuta masa lada akai,to sakamakon cuta ta hassada  da yake da ita,haka zata dunga cin ladar wa]annan ayyuka nasa.daga }arshe ya tashi bai da komai na ladar,wani misali kuma yin aiki akan asasin riya wato ba saboda Allah ba,komin yawan aikin sakamakon riya sai ya zamo bai da lada.In muka duba Hassada da riya zunubine,amma mu duba yadda  gubarsu da dafinsu yai illa ga ayyukan ]a’a na mutum,to wannan shi ake nufi da  «  muhimmancin nisantar zunubi kan aikin ]a’a »kuma mu duba wani hadisi da aka kawo a sama ,na cewa yin }arya guda ]aya tana iya hana mutum tashi sallar tahajjud.ko kuma mutum ya samu yin ibadar kamar sallar tahajjud amma kuma a ]auki ladar sallar aba wani ko wasu,sakamakon wani zunubi da ya aikata misali giba,ta }issar wani bawan Allah cikin magabata dana karanta,yace shi da zai yi giba to da sai yayi giba da iyayensa,saboda yasan wanda yayi giba akan ]auki ladarsa aba ma wanda yayi gibar dashi,toshi da a ]auki ladarsa aba wani gwanda aba iyayensa.saboda haka kiyaye ~angaren nisantar zunubi yana da gayar muhimmanci,domin yin haka shi zai sa ~angaren ayyukan ]a’a ya zamanto basu lalace ba.Kuma kamar yadda yazo a hadisi cewa Dauriya ta kasu kashi ukku,akwai dauriya akan musiba,akwai dauriya akan aikin ]a’a,akwai dauriya akan barin zunubi,to wanda yafi girman lada acikin wa]annan nau’uka ukku na dauriya,kamar yadd yazo a hadisin,shine dauriya akan barin zunubi.

8-Yadda zuciya zata dunga haskaka ko tayi duhu :zuciya tana iya zama cikin haske ko duhu,ayyuka na ibadodi kamar salloli,karatun Al-}ur’ani,Azkar addu’oi…..da kuma sauran ayyuka na ]a’a su kesa zuciya ta kasance cikin haske,domin kamar yadda gangar jiki yake da sabulin wanke shi,ko yake da magani na cututtuka,ko abinci da yake ci,to wa]annan ayyuka na ibadodi sune sabulun wanke zuciya,sune maganin cututtuka na zuciya,sune kuma abincin zuciya.saboda haka yawaita su shine hanyar haskakuwar zuciya da lafiyarta da kuma tsarkakuwarta.Kamar yadda zunubi da kuma ta’alla}uwa da duniya shi kesa tayi duhu,kuma tayi ba}i kamar yadda yazo a hadisi cewa,idan mutum yayi zunubi akansa ba}in ]igo a zuciyarsa,in ya sake zunubin a sake sa masa,haka haka in bai tuba ba,zuciyarsa zata zama ba}i}}irin,har ya zamanto haske bai iya shigarta.Akwai hadisi da yazo daga Imam Sadi}[AS] yace « Babu wani abu da yafi ~ata zuciya kamar zunubi »saboda haka a dun}ule abubuwan da suke sa zuciya tayi haske sune,ayyukan ibada da kuma nisantar zunubi.Abun kuma da yake sa zuciya tayi duhu sune,zunubi da ta’alla}uwa da duniya da kuma nisantar ayyukan ibada.

9-Makircin shai]an ga mutum dangane da zuciyarsa:Kasantuwar shai]an tun asali shi ma}iyi ne ga mutum,to daga cikin makirce-makircensa ga mutum,akwai gafalar dashi da kuma mantar dashi dangane da zuciyarsa,wato ya zamanto mutum bai damu da gyara da kuma tsarkakuwar zuciyarsa ba.Domin shi mutum kamar yadda aka ambata a darussan baya cewa yana da ~angarori guda biyu a halittarsa,~angaren jikinsa da kuma ~angaren ruhinsa,to shai]an ko da wane lokaci ya kan sa mutum yafi shagaltuwa da kuma damuwa da ~angaren jikinsa fiye da ~angaren ruhinsa,idan ko ya zamanto mutum bai damu da zuciyarsa ba ko ruhinsa to wannan shine manta kai,saboda haka yana da muhimmanci mutum ya kasance yana farke dangane da wannan dasisa da kuma makirci na shai]an.musammam ma idan mutum ya dubi matsayin zuciya a suluki zuwa ga Allah[T] misali kamar haka. A-Dukkan matakai ko matsayai na suluki zuwa ga Allah[T] to mahallinsu a zuciya ne.B-Zuciya a matsayin shugaba take ga sauran ga~o~i na zahiri na mutum.C-Zuciya itace mahallin fafatawa tsakanin rundunar Allah da kuma rundunar shai]an.D-Zuciya itace mahallin saukar ‘kawa]ir’wato tunanunnuka.E-Zuciya itace mahallin dubin Allah[T].A ta}aice dai zuciya tana da matsayi babba a wannan addini na musulunci.shi yasa ambatonta yazo a wajaje da yawa a cikin Al}ur’ani da kuma Hadisai.