RUHI DA KUMA ASRAR NA SALLAH.

Sallah tana da ~angarori guda biyu,~angaren ruhinta,wanda shine ba]ininta da kuma ~angaren jikinta,wanda shine zahirinta.Malaman Irfan ko Tasawwuf sun yi rubuce-rubuce da kuma bayanai dangane  da Ruhin sallah da kuma Asrar ]inta.Kamar yadda Malaman Fi}hu suka yi rubuce-rubuce da kuma bayanai dangane da zahirinta.

Wannan janibi na ruhin sallah,janibi wanda yake da gayar muhimmanci wajen saninsa da kuma kiyaye shi,domin yin haka shi zai ba mutum kamalar sallarsa da kuma samun amsuwar ta a wajen Allah[T] Dama samun abinda yake shine manufa na wajabta mana sallah,wato kai wa ga  matsayi na mushahada da mura}aba na Allah ma]aukaki.Kuma wannan kiyaye ruhi bai ta}aita ga sallah kawai ba,a’a dukkan ayyuka na ibadodi da kuma ayyukan ]a’a,kai hatta ma ayyuka na mubahat,kamar cin abinci da yin barci,duk ana bu}atar mutum ya kiyaye ruhinsu wajen aikata su.Kamar mutum ya ci abinci ko yayi barci da niyyar ya samu }arfin bauta ga Allah ma]aukaki.

            Malamai da yawa na madrasah ]in Imamiyya sun rubuta littafai masu yawa dangane da Asrar na sallah,misali littafin Asrarus-sallat na Imam Khumaini.Adabus-salatil- ma’anawiyya shima na Imam Khumaini.Asrarus-sallat na Ayatullahi Jawad Amuliy.Asrarus-sallat na Ayatullahi Jawad Attab-riziy.Asrarus-sallat na shahidus-sani.Da dai sauran littafai makamantan wa]annan da Malaman Imamiyya suka rubuta dangane da Ruhi da Asrar na sallah.Saboda haka a nan bayani zai gudana a kan wa]annan ababe da za a ambata dai dai gwargodon iko kuma a ta}aice.

1-      Ladubba na ba]inin sallah.

2-      Muhimmancin Halartar da zuciya a cikin sallah.

3-      Hadisai da suka zo dangane da Halartar da zuciya a cikin sallah.

4-      Abubuwan da suke hana halartar da zuciya a cikin sallah.

5-      Abubuwan da suke taimaka ma mutum  ya Halartar da zuciyarsa acikin sallah.

6-      Asrar na ~angarorin zahirin sallah.

7-      Sallah ta Ma’asumin da kuma wasu bayin Allah.

8-      Abubuwan da ke ~ata ba]inin sallah.

9-      Neman gafarar Allah[T] ga sallolinmu.

1-      Ladubba na ba]inin sallah:Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya sallah tana da ~angarori guda biyu,~angaren jikinta wato zahirinta wa]anda sune,Tsayuwa,Ruku’u, Sujuda,Zama da abubuwan da ake karantawa da aikatawa a cikin su.Sai kuma ~angaren ba]ininta wato Ruhinta,su guda goma ne.1-Niyya.2-Iklasi.3-Khushu’i.4-Hudhurul-}alb.5-Tafahhum.6-Ta’azim.7-Khauf.8-Raja’a.9-Haya’u.10-Tawadi’u.Wa]annan sune ladubba na ba]inin sallah,kuma da tsayuwa da sune sallah take samun ruhinta da kamalarta,da kuma rashin tsayuwa da sune sallah take zama tamkar gangan jiki ba ruhi.Littafan da aka ambata a sama,an kawo bayanai na wa]annan ababe guda goma sanka-sanka

1-      Niyya:Ita niyya ruhi ce ga ko wane aiki,wato ba wai ga ayyukan ibada ba kawai,shi yasa bayin Allah duk aikin da zasu yi sai sun halartar da niyya kafin su yishi.wani lokaci ma aiki guda ]aya su kan yi niyyoyi masu yawa a cikinsa,domin neman yawaitar lada.2-Iklasi:Wato ya kasance duk aikin da mutum zai yi yayi shi akan asasin saboda Allah[T] da kuma neman yardarsa,wato ba domin neman zukatan mutane ba.3-Kushu’i:Wato mutum ya kasance ya na sallah cikin Khushu’i,kuma ya kasu kashi biyu khushu’i na zuciya da kuma khushu’i na ga~o~i, wato shine mutum ya natsar da ga~o~insa na zahiri da  ba]ini a cikin sallah.4-Hudhurul- }alb,wato ya kasance mutum ya halartar da zuciyarsa a cikin sallah,ba ya kasance mutum na sallah amma zuciyarsa na wani waje ba.5-Tafahhum,wato shine ya kasance lokacin da mutum yake karatu acikin sallah,yana tare da ma’anonin abin da yake biyawa,ba wai mujarradin lafazin ba.6-Ta’azim wato ya kasance lokacin da mutum yake sallah,ya dunga shu’urin ]aukaka da kuma girman Allah Ta’ala.7-Kauf wato ya kasance idan mutum na sallah ya dun ga shu’urin tsoron Allah Ta’ala.8-Raja’a wato ya kasance idan mutum  na sallah ya dun ga shu’urin fatar rahamar Allah Ta’ala.9-Haya’u wato ya kasance idan mutum na sallah ya dun ga shu’urin kunyar Allah Ta’ala.10-Tawadi’u:wato ya kasance idan mutum na sallah ya dun ga shu’urin }as}antar da kai gaban Allah Ta’ala.

2-      Muhimmancin Halartar da zuciya a cikin sallah:Halartara da zuciya a cikin sallah,kamar yadda aka ]an yi bayani a baya wato mutum  ya zamanto tunaninsa ya na cikin sallah ba wajen sallah ba,Saboda daga cikin dasisosin da shai]an yakan yi ga mutum shine da zarar mutum ya soma sallah zai dunga yawo da tunaninsa, ya tunano wannan ya tunano wannan,ta yadda daga }arshe zai kasance yayi sallar cikin gafala,kuma wannan dama shine manufar shai]an wato yaga cewa mutum yayi sallar cikin gafala.Shi yasa ya nada gayar muhimmanci mutum yayi ma kansa tarbiyya na iya ri}e tunaninsa  cikin sallah,ka da  ya bar shi ya na yawo,kuma wannan mai yiyuwane.domin yin haka yana da falala mai yawa,misali yazo a wani Hadisi daga Manzon Allah[S] yace. “Duk wanda yayi sallah raka’a biyu,a cikin sallar bai yi tunanin wani abu na duniya ba,to za a gafarta masa zunuban da ya gabatar.”A wani Hadisi kuma daga Manzon Allah[S] yace, “Allah baya duban sallar da mutum bai halartar da zuciya ba a cikinta.”Saboda haka halartar da zuciya a cikin sallah yana da fa’idodi masu yawan gaske,domin zai ba sallar mutum kamala,zai kuma sa mutum ya samu zau}i da halawa na sallah,wato da]inta,kuma irin wannan sallah mai ruhi wato wadda aka halartar da zuciya a cikinta, irin ta ke hana mutum ya aikata Munkar,ba sallah wadda aka yi ta cikin gafala ba,domin ita sallah kamar yadda yazo a Al}ur’ani tana hana al-fasha da munkar,yazo a wani Hadisi da aka samo daga Imam Sadi}[AS] yace, “Duk wanda yake so ya san an kar~i sallarsa ko ba a kar~a ba,to ya duba ya gani sallarsa ta hana shi alfasha da munkar,domin dai dai gwargwadon yadda ta hana shi dai dai yadda aka kar~i sallar tasa kenan.”Har wala-yau irin wannan sallah mai ruhi wadda aka halartar da zuciya aciki,itace take tsarkake mutum domin sallah asasi ce babba ta Tazkiyyar naf’s ]in mutum, kamar yadda malaman Irfan ko Tasawwuf suka yi bayani.Misali wani Hadisi da yazo daga Imam Ba}ir[AS] daga Manzon Allah[S] yace, “Da ace akwai kogi a }ofar gidan ]ayan ku,kuma ko wane yini yana wanka so biyar a ciki,wani datti zai kasance a jikinsa?sai sahabbai suka ce a’a,sai Manzon Allah yace misalin sallah kamar kogi ne mai gudana,duk lokacin da mutum yayi sallah sai ta kankare zunuban da mutum ya aikata tsakani.”Saboda haka sallah tana wanke ruhin mutum daga zunuban daya aikata,amma alura ba ko wace irin sallah ba,sai wadda ta kasance an yita cikin ya}’za }albiyya wato zuciya tana falke ba cikin gafala ba.Wannan kenan a ta}aice dangane da muhimmancin Halartar da zuciya a cikin sallah.

3-      Hadisai da suka zo dangane da Halartar da zuciya a cikin sallah:Akwai Hadisai masu yawa da suka zo akan haka.Ga wasu daga ciki,A-Manzon Allah[S] yace, “Idan mutum ya tsaya a cikin sallarsa,ya kasance kuma cikin tunanin Allah,zai fita sallar kamar ranar da mahaifiyarsa ta haife shi.”wato zai dawo bai da zunubi.B-Wani hadisi  da aka samo daga Manzon Allah[S] yake cema Abu Zarr,ya Aba Zarr Raka’a biyu matsakaita wanda aka yisu cikin Tafakkur tafi tsayuwar dare baki ]aya al-hali zuciya tana cikin gafala.C-An ta~a kawo ma Manzon Allah kyautar ra}uma guda biyu manya-manya,sai yace ma sahabbansa duk wanda yayi sallah raka’a biyu, amma bai yi tunanin wani abu na duniya ba,to zai bashi kyautar ]aya,ko ya kasa sai Imam Ali[AS] shine Manzon Allah[S] ya bashi guda biyun duka.Domin Imam Ali[AS]ya kasance saboda gayar Fana’insa acikin sallah idan yana yin ta,bai jin duk wani abinda ya samu jikinsa,alal misali akwai wani ya}i da mashi ya shiga }afarsa,ba a iya ]ebe shiba sai Sayyida Fa]ima[AS] tace,a wata ruwar Manzon Allah[S] yace a barshi sai ya soma sallah sai a cire mashin,haka ko akayi yana sallah aka cire kuma bai jiba.D-An samo daga Manzon Allah[S] yace, “Lalle mutum biyu, a al-ummata zasu iya tsayuwa a sallah,ruku’unsu da sujudarsu ]aya amma ya kasance tsakanin sallarsu kamar nisan sama da }asa.”wato sun banbanta wajen tsayuwa da ruhin sallar da kuma ma’anawiyya ]in ta.E-An samo daga Imam Sadi}[AS] yace, “Idan zaka yi sallah ka fuskantar da zuciyarka zuwa ga Allah[T]domin babu wani bawa wanda zai fuskantar da zuciyarsa a cikin sallarsa da kuma Addu’arsa ga Allah[T] face Allah ya fuskantar da zukatan muminai gareshi.F-An samo daga Imam Bakir[AS] yace, “Lalle bawa za a ]aukaka sallarsa amma wani za a amshi rabinta,wani sulusinta,wani rubu’inta,wani khumusinta.Abin da za a amsa ya danganta ga yadda mutum ya fuskantar da zuciyarsa a cikin sallah,an umarta da yin nafila domin kammala na}asun da aka samu a sallah ta Farilla.” Wato wannan hadisin ya nuna dai dai gwargodon yadda mutum ya tsayu da ruhin sallah,dai dai yadda za a amsa daga ita sallar.Wannan kenan a ta}aice dangane da Hadisai da suka zo na Halartar da zuciya a cikin sallah.

4-      Abubuwan da suke hana Halartar da zuciya a cikin sallah:Sun kasu kashi biyu,wato ko dai ya kasance abin da ya hana halartuwar zuciyar a cikin sallah abune daga waje ko daga ciki,abin da ake nufi daga waje ga~o~insa na zahiri misali kunnensa ko idonsa,wato ace mutum yana sallah sai kunnensa yaji wani abu ko idonsa yaga wani abu,sai hakan yaje ma zuciya na abun da yaji ko ya gani,ita kuma ta dun ga tunani akai,to wannan sai ya zama sanadiyyar shamakance zuciya daga tunani a cikin sallah,ko kuma ya kasance daga cikin zuciya ne rashin halartar da zuciyar yake tasowa misali ta’alla}uwa da duniya da kuma tarkacenta,wanda mafi yawa wannan shi yake hana mutane halartar da zuciya a cikin sallah.Wani kuma abun da yake hana mutane halartar da zuciya a cikin sallah shine,zuciya bisa ]abi’arta mai yawan jujjuyawa ce a tunani,shi yasa ma ake ce mata }alb.  

5-      Abubuwan da suke taimaka ma mutum Halartar da zuciyarsa cikin salla:Suna da yawa amma ga wasu daga ciki,1-Mujahada wajen ri}e tunani da kuma tattara tunanin a cikin sallah,wato mutum yayi iyaka iyawarsa wajen hana tunaninsa yawo.da tunaninsa ya fita cikin sallah wato yana tunanin wani abu wanda bai da ala}a da sallah,sai yayi }o}ari ya dawo da tunanin nasa cikin sallar,farkon farawa idan mutum bai saba ba yana da wahala,kamar yadda Imam Khumaini yace a cikin littafinsa na Asrarus-salat,amma yace idan mutum yayi mujahada akan haka abune mai yi wuwa,har ya ba da misali mutum ya ]auki lokaci yana ri}e tunaninsa acikin sallah a ]aya bisa goma,yazo biyu bisa goma,ukku bisa goma kama-kama dai har ya kai matsayin da yake iya ri}e tunaninsa baki ]aya acikin sallah.2-Zuhudu wato guje ma duniya, kamar yadda aka sha yin bayani cewa,zuhudu ba shine kada ka mallaki abin duniya ba,abinda ake nufi dashi shine kada ka ta’alla}u dashi,ko da ka malleke shi,wato ya zamanto duniya da tarkacenta basu da tasiri a zuciyarka,to idan mutum ya samu haka ha}i}a ya samu hanya babba na samun halartar zuciyarsa a cikin sallah,saboda mafi yawan abinda yake hana tattaruwar tunani acikin sallah duniya ce.to idan mutum ya zamanto duniyar ba tada tasiri gareshi,shi kenan ya huta da wannan makamin da shai]an yake amfani dashi na son duniya domin hana zuciya halartuwa a cikin sallah.3-Mura}aba,wato mutum ya dunga shu’urin cewa Allah Ta’ala yana ganinsa kuma yana jinsa kuma yasan tunanin da yake yawo a zuciyarsa,wannan shu’uri na mura}aba shima hanya ce babba na halartuwar zuciya a cikin sallah.4-Mutum ya ]auka itace sallarsa ta }arshe a duniya,wato daga cikin abubuwan da suke taimaka ma mutum halartar da zuciya a cikin sallah akwai wannan.Domin da mutum yasan idan yana sallah,sallar itace ta }arshe, bayanta mala’ikan mutuwa zai kar~i ransa,zai yi iyaka iyawarsa yaga cewa ya kyautata sallar zahirinta da ba]ininta.yazo a hadisi cewa idan mutum zai yi sallah to yayi sallar mai bankwana.

6-      Asrar na ~angarorin sallah:ko wane ~angare na sallah yana da asrar ]insa,kai tun ma kafin shiga cikin sallah misali tsarki,al-wala,azan.i}ama,duk suna da asrar ]insu,shiga cikin sallar  tun daga kan Takbiratul-ihram har zuwa sallamewa,ayyukan da akeyi tsakaninsu sanka-sanka duk suna da asrar ]insu,saboda haka bayani ne mai tsawo,amma ga mai bu}atar ganin wa]annan Asrar na ayyukan gabanin sallah da cikin sallah da kuma bayan sallah,yana iya duba ]aya daga cikin littafan da aka ambata sama na Asrarus-salat.

7-      Sallah ta Ma’asumin da kuma wasu bayin Allah Ta’ala.Idan mutum ya bibiyi rayuwar Manzon Allah[S] da kuma Ahlul bayt[AS] da kuma wasu bayin Allah[T] ta ~angaren sallolinsu,idan lokacin sallah yayi yadda akan ga canji a jikinsu da launinsu da kuma mu’amalarsu.Ga misalai:1-[aya daga cikin matayen Manzon Allah[S] tace,Annabi[S] ya kasance yana hira damu muna hira dashi amma idan lokacin sallah yayi,yakan kasance kamar bai sammu ba,bamu san shi ba.2-Imam Ali[AS] in ya soma al-wala fuskarsa ta kan canza saboda tsoron Allah.Haka nan kuma idan lokacin sallah yayi,akan ga launinsa ya canza,har akan ce masa miya same ka ya Amirul muminin? Ya kan amsa da cewa,lokacin Amana wadda Allah ya bijirar da ita ga sammai da kasa da duwatsu,amma basu ]auka ba,sai mutum ya ]auka,to ban sani ba zan iya kyautata abin da na ]auka ko a’a.3-Sayyida Fa]ima[AS] ta kasance tana yawan kuka idan tana sallah saboda tsoron Allah[T].Imam Hassan[AS] ya kasance idan ya gama alwala zai yi sallah launin jikinsa kan canza,sai aka tambaye shi dalilin haka? Dole ne duk wanda zai tsaya gaban Allah launin shi ya canza.4-Imam Sajjad[AS] ya kasance idan yayi alwala launinsa kanyi fatsi-fatsi,sai iyalansa suka tambaye shi kan haka?sai yace masu,kun san ko gaban wanda nike so in tsaya.Haka nan wata rana yana sallah sai al-kyabbarsa ta fa]i daga kafa]arsa,amma  bai gyara ta ba,har sai da ya gama sallah,aka tambaye shi mi yasa bai gyara ta ba?sai yace ma wanda ya tambaye shi,kaitonka kasan gaban ko wanda nike? Lalle bawa gwargwadon yadda ya halartar da zuciyarsa acikin sallah,dai dai abin da za a amsa kenan na sallarsa.sai mutumin yace in zamo fansa gareka lalle mu mun halaka,sai Imam Sajjad yace masa a’a.Allah yana cika na}asu na sallar bawa da nafilfili.Haka kuma yazo akan cewa idan Imam Sajjad yana sallah kamar kace itaciya ce tsaye,bata ka]awa face abinda iska ta ka]a.wannan kenan a ta}aice na sallolin Ma’asumin.misali biyu kuma daga cikin sallolin wasu bayin Allah Ta’ala shine Ayatullahi Bahajati,duk wanda Allah yasa yai sallah a bayansa zai ba da shaidar cewa sallarsa baki ]aya yakan yi ta cikin kuka ne,yana tsaye yana kuka,yana ruku’u yana kuka,yana sujuda yana kuka,yana Tahiya a zaune yana kuka,so da yawa na lura in yana zaune domin tahiya,to lokacin da yake cewa,Assalamu-Alaika ayyuhan Nabiyy,ya kan yawaita kuka a wajen.Tabbas sallah a bayansa yana gusar da }aswa ]in zuciya wato bushewar ta,shi yasa wasu malamai a nan }um lokacin yana raye suna }arfafa ]alibansu da yin sallah a bayansa.Sai kuma wani Malami da na biya }issar shi,ya kasance idan  yazo sallah,ya kan gina tunaninsa akan cewa,a bayansa ga Mala’ikan mutuwa yana jiransa ya sallame sallah ya ]auki ransa.A }asan }afafuwansa yana akan sira]i.A gefen damarsa ga Aljanna.A gefen hagunsa ga wuta.A gabansa kuma ga Allah Ta’ala.To da wannan tunanin yake kasancewa tun daga farkon sallarsa har }arshenta.

8-      Abubuwan dake ~ata ba]inin sallah:Kamar yadda akwai abubuwan da suke ~ata zahirin sallah wato jikinta,wanda malamai na fi}hu suka yi bayanansu,to haka ba]inin sallah wato Ruhinta malaman Irfan sunyi bayanin abubuwan dake ~atata.Kuma irin wannan sallah wadda a ba]inance ta lalace,amma a zahirance dai dai,sai ta kasance a zahirance ya sauke Taklif wato na yin ta da yayi,Amma a ba]inance bata kar~u ba,wato wajen Allah Ta’ala.misalan abubuwan da suke ~ata ba]inin sallah,akwai Riya da kuma  ujubu  acikin sallar.In sha Allah a darasin Akla} bayani zai zo kansu.

9-      Nemam gafarar Allah ga Sallolinmu:Kamar yadda muke sujudu shukur a bayan sallolin mu,wato na godiya ga Allah na muwafa}ar da yayi mana na yin sallar da muka yi.To haka nan yake da muhimmanci duk sallolin da mukayi na farilla mu nemi gafarar Allah Ta’ala kan na}asun dake cikin sallolin mu a zahirancensu da kuma ba]inancensu.wato a jikin sallolinmu da kuma ruhinsu.Domin in muka dubi mafi yawan sallolinmu gawawwaki ne,wato jikkuna ne ba Rai.mai bu}atar }arin bayani kan wannan ya duba cikin littafin Al-arbauna Hadis na Imam Khumaini,a hadisi na ukku,wato wanda yake Magana kan ujub,a fasalin dake bayanin cewa Hubbun Naf’s Asasul ujub.Yana da kyau idan mutum na da littafin ya duba wajen yaga yadda Imam khumaini yai bayanin irin sallolinmu da kuma ha]arin da muke ciki dangane dasu.