Darasin fikhu {7}.

A darasin daya gabata bayani ya gudana akan shakka a rakao’in sallah da kuma raka’ar ihtiya]i.An yi bayani akan cewa shakka a sallah ta kasu kashi ukku.1-shakka a rakao’in sallar.2-shakka a asalin yin sallar.3-shakka a ayyukan sallar.Na farko bayanin sa ya gabata,yanzu sai bayanin na biyu dana ukku.Bayan haka kuma sai bayani kan sujudi sahawi da kuma mas’aloli da suke da ala}a dasu.

            2-Shakka a asalin yin salla.Idan mutum shakka tazo masa akan yayi sallah ko  bai yi ba,misali yayi sallar la’asar ko bai yi ba.To anan ]ayan biyu,Imma shakkar tazo masa acikin lokacin sallar wato lokacinta bai fita ba,ko kuma shakkar tazo bayan fitar lokacinta,misali lokacin sallar magariba yayi,sai shakka tazo masa akan yayi sallar la’asar ko? To anan in acikin lokaci ne,zai yi sallar la’asar ]in ne.To amma in bayan fitar lokaci ne shakkar tazo masa,kamar wancan misalin da aka bayar na sallar magariba,to anan zai ]auka yayi sallar la’asar ]in,wato ba zai yita ba.kuma haka hukuncin yake ga wa]annan salloli 5 na wajibai.wato duk lokacin da shakka tazo ma mutum akan yayi ko bai yiba,to abin da zai yi tunani acikin lokaci ne,ko bayan fitar lokaci.in alokacine sai ya ]auki hukuncin ya tashi yayi sallar,in ko bayan lokaci ne sai ya ]auki hukuncin ya ]auka yayi sallar,wato ba sai yayi taba.Sai dai wani tambihi anan shine,idan shakka tazo ma mutum acikin lokacin sallar,misali lokacin sallar laasar ]in bai fita ba,sai yana shakka yayi sallar asar ]in ko bai yiba,to shakkar tasa ta cigaba har lokacin sallar ya fita,ko kuma shakkar tazo masa cikin lokaci,amma sai ya manta baiyi sallar ba har lokacinta ya fita.To a wa]annan yanayoyi guda biyu da aka ambata zai ramka sallah ]in ne.Kuma wani tambihi na biyu anan shine,zato na mutum yayi sallah ko bai yi ba,to a wannan mas’alar hukuncinsu ]aya yake dana shakka.misali mutum yana zaton yayi sallar asar ko bai yi ba,to irin wancan hukunci na shakka zai ]auka,in zaton cikin lokacine sai ya tashi yayi sallar,in kuma zaton bayan lokacine sai ya ]auka yayi sallar.wani kuma tambihi na ukku anan shine,mai yawan was-wasi, shi hukuncin sa daban ne,wato ba zai dunga la’akari da was-wasin sa ba ko da ko acikin lokacine.saboda haka duk lokacin da waswasi yazo masa na yayi sallah ko bai yi ba,sai ya ]auka kawai yayi.domin shi waswasi asalinsa daga shai]an ne.Wannan kenan a ta}aice dangane da shakka a asalin yin sallah.

            2-Shakka a ayyukan sallah.Wanda yayi shakka a wani abu na ayyukan sallah,to idan shakkar ta auku ne gabanin ya shiga wani aiki wanda yake biye dashi,to wajibine yazo dashi,misali shakka tazo mashi yayi kabbarar harama ko bai yi ba,alokacin bai soma karatun fatiha ba,ko kuma wani misali shakka tazo masa ya karanta fatiha ko bai karanta ba,al-hali bai soma karanta sura ba,to a wa]annan misalai da aka ambata wajibine akansa yayi kabbarar haramar,ya kuma karanta fatiha.In da ko ace shakkar tazo masa ne bayan ya shiga aikin da yake biye dashi,kamar misalan da aka bayar a sama,ya soma karatun fatiha sai yana shakka yayi kabbarar harama ko bai yi ba,ko kuma yana karatun sura sai yana shakka ya karanta fatiha ko bai karanta ba,ko kuma yana }unuti,sai  yana shakka yai sura ko bai yi ba,to duk a wa]annan misalan ba zai yi la’akari da shakkar ba wato zai ]auka yayi.Wani kuma tambihi anan shine wannan abun da mutum bai yi ba musta}illine ko ba musta}illi bane,wato misali fatihar ce baki ]aya ko wani sashe nata,surar ce baki ]aya ko wani sashe nata,wato dai duka hukuncin ]aya ne.Sai dai anan Imam khumaini yace Ihtiya]i-istihbabi,  mutum yazo ma abinda yake shakkar,wato ba dole bane yazo dashi.Wata mas’ala kuma itace,da mutum zai yi shakka  aikin da mutum yayi acikin sallah,wato akan yayi ingantacce ne ko ba ingantacce ba,misali karatun fatiha da yayi ko karatun sura da yayi ya inganta ko a’a bai inganta ba,to hukunci anan shine ba zai yi la’akari dashi ba,wato sai ya ]auka yayi shi daidai,amma shima anan Imam khumaini yace ihtiya]i-istihibabi shine nutum ya sake karatun,wato ba dole bane.Wata mas’ala kuma itace,da mutum zai yi shakka a sallama wato yayi ko bai yi ba,to anan idan ya shiga ga ayyukan da sukan biyo bayan sallama,kamar Ta’a}ibat wato azkar na bayan sallah,ko kuma ya shiga abubuwan da ke ~ata sallah,misali ya tashi ya tafi, ko yaci abinci,to a wa]annan fuskoki da aka ambata ba zai yi la’akari da sallamar ba.Amma da  bai shiga wa]annan ababe ba to sai yayi sallamar.Wannan a ta}aice dangane da shakka a ayyukan sallah.

            3-Sujudi sahawi:wato sujudar rafkannuwa,wajibine yin sujudar sahawi domin wani ko wasu daga cikin ababe biyar in sun auku ga mutum acikin sallah sune;1-Idan mutum yayi Magana acikin sallah da rafkannuwa ko da yana tsammani ya gama sallah,wato maganar ba da gangan ya yita ba.to abinda ya hau kansa,itace sujudar ba’adiyya.2-Haka nan wanda ya manta ]ayan sujuda guda biyu idan mahallin riskar sujudar ya wuce,misali sai bayan da yayi ruku’u,a raka’a ta gaba sai ya tuna ai sujuda ]aya yayi ba biyu ba.to anan zai ci gaba da sallarsa,bayan ya sallame sai yayi sujudar baadiyya.3-Haka nan wanda yayi sallama ba mahallin sallamar ba,misali sallah mai raka’a hu]u sai mutum ya manta yayi sallama a raka’a ta biyu ko ta ukku ko ma ata ]aya,to anan mutum zai tashi ya kammala sallarsa,in ya sallame sai yayi sujudar baadiyya.4-Haka nan idan mutum ya manta bai yi tashahud ba wato tahiya,kuma mahallin yin ta ya wuce gareshi ,to anan zai cigaba da sallarsa ne in ya sallame sai yayi sujudar baadiyya.5-Haka nan sujudar baadiyya tana wajaba ga mutum idan yai shakka tsakanin raka’a ta hu]u da biyar,wato mutum ne yana sallah sai shakka tazo masa akan raka’a 4 yayi ko 5,wato lokacin daya ]ago sujuda ta }arshe wannan shakkar tazo masa,to anan sai yayi gini akan rka’a 4 yayi,saboda haka sai yayi tahiya ya sallame bayan haka sai yayi sujudar baadiyya.Amma da ace shakkar tazo masa bayan ya mi}e tsaye ne,to anan wani hukunci ne kuma dabam,bayanin haka yazo a darasin daya gabata wato na shidda.Wa]annan sune abubuwan da ake yima sujudar sahawi a fi}hun  Jaafariyya,amma sai dai wani tambihi anan shine Imam Khumaini yace ihtiya]I istihibabi shine yin sujudar rafkannuwa ga duk wani }ari ko ragi da ya samu mutum acikin sallah,sai dai yace ba wajibi bane face wa]ancan abubuwa biyar da aka ambata.Wajibine yin gaggawa domin yin sujudar sahawu,wato mutum na sallamewa sai yayi ta ba tare da jinkiri ba,idan ko ya jirkinta bai yi ba,to yayi laifi,duk da sallarsa dai ta inganta,kuma jinkirin da yayi bai  sukar masa da yin sujudar ba ko kuma gaggauta yinta ba.Haka nan kuma da zai kasance akan mutum akwai ramuwar sujudi sahawi da raka’ar ihtiya]I da kuma ajza’a mansiyya wato wasu ~angarori da aka manta,bayanin su zaizo nan gaba insha Allah.To idan wa]annan abubuwa ukku suka taru kan mutum,to sujudar sahawi ita zai yi daga }arshe.da farko zai soma raka’ar ihtiya]i bayan haka kuma sai yayi ajza’a mansiyya.sai ya kamala da sujudar sahawi.

            Yadda akeyin sujudar sahawi:Da farko wajibine yin niyyar sujudar sahawin wato lokacin da mutum zai yita,amma ba wajibine ayyana sabab ba, ko da ko sabab ]in suna da yawa.kuma ihtiya]I istihibabi kiyaye dukkan abunda ake kiyayewa a sujudar sallah.Haka nan kuma ihtiya]i istihibabi zuwa da zikir ke~antacce,wato ga ita sujudar sahawi,Imam khumaini ya kawo siga ukku na zikir ]in ke~antacce sune;1-Bismillahi wa billahi-wa sallalallahu ala muhammadin-wa ali Muhammad.2-Bismillahi wa billahi-Allahumma salli ala Muhammad wa ali Muhammad.3-Bismillahi wa billahi-assalamu alaika-ayyuhan nabiyyu wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh.Wato wa]annan sigogin zikir guda ukku,]ayansu ake so mutum ya biya a sujudar rafkannuwa,maimakon yin tasbihi,sai dai tambihi anan, biya ]ayan siga ukkun nan ba wajibi bane,saboda haka ko da mutum yayi tasbihin ya wadatar.Saannan idan mutum ya gama sajadun guda biyu sai ya zauna yayi tahiya ya kuma yi sallama.Wannan kenan a ta}aice dangane da sujudar rafkannuwa.

Ajza’ul mansiyya:wato ~angarorin da aka manta acikin sallah,ba a ramuwa acikin sallah na juz’oin da aka manta face abubuwa guda biyu sune,sujuda da kuma tashahud wato tahiya.wato su wa]annan biyun in mutum ya manta acikin sallah to dolene sai ya ramka su bayan ya sallame sallah,misali mutum ne yana sallah sai ya manta sujuda ]aya a wata raka’a daga cikin raka’oin sallarsa,bai tuna ba sai bayan da yayi ruku’u ko ya ]ago daga ruku’u a raka’a ta gaba,to anan zai cigaba da sallarsa,amma idan ya sallame zai ramka sujudar,bayan haka kuma sai yayi sujudar sahawu.kuma lokacin da zai rama sujudar zai yi niyyar ramakon abin da ya manta ne.Haka nan kuma ba wajibi bane yin sallama ga tahiyar da aka ramka.kamar yadda har walayau bai wajaba ba yin tahiya da sallama ga sujudar ramako.Amma da ace tahiyar da mutum ya manta ta }arshe ne,wato bata farko ba,to ihtiya]i zuwa dasu da nufin neman kusanci.Haka nan kuma ihtiya]i wujubiy bayan ramakon sai yayi sujudar sahawi.Wata mas’ala kuma itace da ace mutum yana da ya}inin ya manta sujuda ]aya acikin sallarsa ko kuma tahiya,alhali ya wuce mahallin yinsu,to bayan daya gama sallah,sai wannan ya}inin nasa ya koma shakka,wato yanzu shakka yakeyi ya manta ko bai manta ba,to anan yana da za~i na ya ramka wanda yin haka shine ihtiya]i wato takatsan-tsan,ko kuma kada ya ramka wanda wannan shine fatawar Imam khumaini.wannan kenan a ta}aice dangane da ajzaul mansiyya,amma ga mai bu}atar }arin bayani yana iya duba littafin Tahrirul-wasila na Imam khumaini.Babin yana tsakanin na raka’atul ihtiya] da kuma na sujudi sahawi.Wannan kenan shima a ta}aice dangane da ~angarorin da aka manta,acikin sallah.