A darasin daya gabata bayani ya gudana dangane da Tazkiyatus
Nafs wato tsarkake rai.A wannan darasi bayani zai kasance ne,dangane da ~angarori biyu na
tazkiyatus nafs.~angaren ba]ini wato zuciya da kuma ~angaren zahiri wato
ga~u~~a,Da farko ~angaren ba]ini wanda shine tazkiyya na zuciya wato tsarkake
zuciya,wanda in ya samu ]aya ~angaren zai iya samuwa wato ~angaren tazkiyya na
ga~u~~a.
Kamar yadda yazo a hadisi daga Manzon Allah[S] yace, “A cikin jiki akwai wata tsoka idan
ta gyaru dukkan jiki ya gyaru,idan ta ~aci
dukkan jiki ya ~aci,wannan itace zuciya.”Wannan hadisi ya nuna mana idan zuciya
ta gyaru wato ta tsarkaka,dukkan sauran ga~u~~a na jiki misali harshe,ido,kunne
da dai sauran su suma zasu gyaru wato zasu tsarkaka.A saboda haka ne Malaman
Ir-fan ko Tasawwuf suke }arfafawa da kuma muhimmar tar da al-amarin zuciya.Kuma
in muka dubi yadda ambaton zuciya yazo a cikin Al-}ur-ani mai girma da kuma
Hadisai da suka zo daga Manzon Allah[S] da kuma
Ahlul bait[AS] babu wata ga~a
daga cikin ga~o~in ]an Adam wanda ambaton ta yazo kamar haka.Wanda wannan ka]ai
ya isa ya nuna matsayin zuciya a addinin musulunci,sai dai wani tambihi muhimmi
anan shine, }alb wato zuciya da ake Magana anan da ma’anar ta na ma’anawi ne ba
jis-miy ba wato jiki.Anan bayani zai kasance kan wa]annan ababe.
1-
Ma’anar }alb wato zuciya.
2-
Muhimmancin zuciya a suluki zuwa ga Allah[T]
3-
Muhimmancin tsarkake zuciya.
4-
Hanyoyin tsarkake zuciya.
5-
Abubuwan da
suke kai wa ga bushewar zuciya.
6-
Alamomin
bushewar zuciya.
7-
Magance
bushewar zuciya.
8-
Yadda zuciya
zata dunga haskaka ko tayi duhu.
9-
Makircin
shai]an ga
mutum dangane da zuciyar sa.
1-Ma’anar
}alb:}alb wato zuciya,ma’anar ta a luggace shine jujjuyawa, an ace mata haka
saboda jujjuyawar ta a tunani,amma a is]ila -hance tana da ma’anoni guda biyu
tana da ma’ana ta zahiri wato jis-miy,da kuma ma’ana ta ba]ini wato
ma’anawiy.To ma’anar ta ta ba]ini shine malaman Irfan suke bayani akai,shi kuma
ma’anar ta zahiri shine likitoci suke bayani da kuma kula dashi, tun da ya
shafi ~angaren gangar jiki ne.Saboda haka idan mutum yaga ambaton zuciya
anan,ba ana nufin ma’anar ta ta zahiri ba wato tsoka wanda aka sani tana jikin
]an Adam,a ~angaren jikin sa na hagu,wato a }irjinsa.A’a ana nufin ma’anarta ta
ba]ini,wanda akan wannan asasi ta ma’anarta ta ba]ini zuciya itace mahallin
imani,tsoron Allah,son Allah,ta}wa da dai sauran matakai suluki zuwa ga Allah[T]kuma a irin wannan ma’anar ta ba]ini ake nufin in ta gyaru
dukkan jiki ya gyaru,in ta ~aci dukkan jiki ya ~aci.
2-Muhimmancin
zuciya a suluki zuwa ga Allah[T] wato
kusanci zuwa gareshi,Zuciya tana da gayar muhimmanci a neman kusanci ga
Allah[T]Ga wasu daga ciki A- Dukkan matakai ko ma}amomi na suluki zuwa ga Allah,to mahallin su
a zuciya suke,kamar misalin da aka bayar a baya na
ta}wa,imani,tawakkali…..B-Zuciya a matsayin shugaba take sauran ga~o~i kamar
ido,kunnuwa hannuwa }afafuwa,harshe da daisauran su,a matsayin bayin ta
suke,wato ita ke juya su,basu suke juyata ba.misalai anan shine idan mutum na
zaune babu yadda za ayi }afafuwan sa, su tashi su kama tafiya in bashi yayi tunani
a zuciyar sa akan bari ya tashi yaje waje kaza,haka nan kuma hannun sa ba zai
ta~a wani abu ba,in ba yayi tunan a
zuciyar sa akan ya ta~a.to haka nan duk sauran ga~u~~an sa,ba zasu iya yin komi
ba sai bayan mutum yayi tunani a zuciyar sa akan yayi.To anan ne mutum zai
fahimci ha}i}anin ma’anar hadisin da aka ambata sama na cewa a cikin jikin
mutum akwai wata tsoka in ta gyaru dukkan jiki ya gyaru,in ta ~aci dukkan jiki
ya ~aci,wato ma’ana in zuciya akwai tsoron Allah da kuma mura}abar Allah[T] to harshen sa,kunnuwansa,idanuwansa,da
dai sauran ga~o~insa
baza su sa~a ma Allah ba,saboda yasan Allah yana ganin sa yana kuma jinsa,zai kuma
gamu dashi.Saboda haka sanadiyyar gyaruwar zuciyar sa, da kuma tsarkakuwar
ta,sai sauran ga~o~in suma suka gyaru,to akasin haka kuma idan zuciya ba tsoron
Allah ba tunanin gamuwa dashi,ga~o~in sa zasu kasance masu sa~a ma Allah[T]wato lalacewar zuciyar sai ya shafe su.
C-Zuciya itace mahallin fafatawa tsakanin rundanar Allah[T] da kuma rundunar
shai]an,kuma
matu}ar mutum yana raye wannan fafatawa tsakanin wa]annan rundunoni guda
biyu,zai ta gudana har ya zuwa saukar ajali.kuma wannan fafatawa da take gudana
tskanin mutum da shai]an ita ake cema mujahada
a fannin ilimin irfan,kuma mutum zai tayin wannan mujahada ne,har ya
samu sul-]a wato iko akan Naf’s ]insa da kuima shai]an.tanan mutum zai fahimci cewa ashe matu}ar yana
raye,shi mabu}aci ne ga mujahada,tun da yasan shai]an bazai ta~a }yale shiba.kuma
muhallin da ake wannan fafatawa a zuciya ne,misali mujahada a wajen aikata
addini ta umartuwa da umarce-umarcen sa, da kuma hanuwa da hane-hanen
sa.D-Zuciya itace mahallin saukar kawa]ir wato tuna-nunnuka imma dai kyawawa ko
munana,kuma nan ilimin ladunni yake sauka wato ilimin da Allah[T] kan ba wasu daga cikin bayinsa sakamakon
ta}war su.haka
nan ilhamomi na ayyukan ]a’a da Allah kanyi ma wasu daga cikin bayin sa duk a
zuciya ne.E-Zuciya itace mahallin dubin Allah[T]
wato kamar yadda yazo a hadisi daga
Manzon Allah[S] yace, “Allah[T] baya dubi ga jikkunanku ko dukiyoyin ku,amma
yana dubi ga zukatanku da kuma ayyukan ku,”wanda ko da ace wannan ka]ai ne zuciya take dashi
wato mahallin dubin Allah ya isa ya zama matsayi babba a wajenta,ata}aice dai
zuciya tana da matsayi babba a wannan addini na musulunci,shiyasa ambaton ta
yazo a wajaje da yawa acikin Al-}urani da kuma Hadisai.
3-Muhimman
cin tsarkake zuciya:Tsarkake zuciya yana da gayar muhimmanci domin idan ta
tsarkaka,dukkan ga~u~~a suma sun
tsarkaka.kuma tsarkakuwar ta shi kan rayar da ita da kuma ga~o~in ta na ba]ini
wato jinta,ganinta da dai sauransu,domin
mutum zai iya kasancewa a zahirance yana ji yana gani da kuma hankali,amma a
ba]inan ce,bayaji,baya gani,bai kuma da hankali.Misali fa]in ‘yan wuta,Lau kunna nas’mau, au na’a}ilu ma kunna fi
as-habus-sa’ir.ma’ana da ace muna ji ko
muna hankalta da bamu kasance cikin ma’abuta wuta ba.saboda haka tsarkake
zuciya kan sa jinta na zuci da ganinta ya zaman to suna aiki.sa~anin ko idan ba
a tsarkake take ba,ya kan sa jinta da ganinta su makance.Haka nan tsarkakuwar
zuciya,ya kan sa ibadodin da mu keyi ya zamanto suna da tasiri a zukatan
mu,wato kamar salloli,karatun Al-}ur’ani,Azkar da dai sauran su.Haka nan
tsarkakuwar zuciya ya kan taimaka ma mutum sosai wajen damfaruwa da Allah[T] da kuma damfaruwa da Manzon Allah[S] da
Aimma[AS] har wala yau da kuma damfaruwa da gidan lahira.Haka nan tsarkakuwar
zuciya ya kansa shai]an
ya nisanci mutum,domin zai ga cewa bai da wani tasiri a zuciyar mutum.Haka nan
tsarkakuwar zuciya yakan sa ta kasance a farke,wato ba cikin gafala ba.Haka nan
zata kasance cikin haske ba duhu ba,da dai sauran abubuwa masu yawa,wanda
tsarkakuwar zuciya ke haifarwa.
4-Hanyoyin
tsarkake zuciya:Malaman irfan sunyi
bayanin hanyoyi da kuma matakai na tsarkake zuciya,Amma ga guda ukku daga
ciki,A-Nisantar zunubi,barin zunubi yana daga cikin babban hanyar tsarkakuwar
zuciya,domin kamar yadda yazo a hadisi in mutum yayi sa~o to akan sa ba}in ]igo a zuciyar sa,in ya sake asake
sawa,haka haka dai in bai tuba ba za ai tasa masa ba}in ]igon har zuciyar ta
zama ba}i}}irin.Shi yasa nisantar sa~o babban ginshi}i ne wajen kusanci zuwa ga
Allah[T] domin shi sa~o ko zunubi dafine da kuma
guba ga zuciya.Akwai ma hadisi da aka samo daga Imam Ali[AS] yace, “Babu wani ciwo da yafi tsanani
ga zuciya kamar zunubi,”B-Mujahada:kamar
yadda aka ambata a baya cewa,zuciya
fagene na fafatawa tsakanin mutum da
kuma shai]an da naf’s ]insa,wani lokaci ya samu galaba akansu wani lokaci kuma su sami galaba akansa,To duk
lokacin da akayi wannan ko kuwa tsakanin mutum da shai]an a zuciyar sa yayi
kaye wato ya samu galaba,sai zuciyarsa ta da]a tsarkakuwa da kuma
haskakuwa,sa~anin ko idan aka samu akasi wato aka kada shi,zuciyarsa zata da]a
yin duhu ne.Saboda haka mujahada wajen siffantuwa da addini ta hanyar misaltuwa
da umarce-umarce da kuma hanuwa daga
hane-hane,hanya c eta samun tsarkakuwar zuciya.kuma mutum ya gwada da }ashin
kansa ya gani,duk lokacin da al-amari na wajibi ko mustahabbi ya bijiro ga
mutum,kuma mutum yayi }o}ari ya aikata wajibin ko mustahabbin to sai yaji
tasirin hasken haka a zuciyar sa,amma fa da shara]in iklasi wajen
aikatawar.Haka abin yake idan abinda ya shafi barin haramun ne ko makruhi,mutum
yayi mujahada wajen nisantar haramun ]in ko makruhin,shima sai yaji tasirin
hasken haka a zuciyar sa,to wannan tasiri na haske da zuciya zata samu,wajen
umartuwa da umarni na addini ko hanuwa da haninsa, to hanya ce ta samun
tsarkakuwar zuciya,kuma wannan shine ma’anar fafatawa da ake bayani abaya,wato
wadda take gudana tsakanin mutum da shai]an a zuciyar sa.domin shi shai]an duk
umarce-umarce na addini, idan mutum na son ya aikata zai yi iyaka iyawar sa,
yaga cewa mutum bai aikata ba,to duk lokacin da mutum ya yi }o}ari ya aikata,to
yayi kaye ga shai]an kenan a wannan fafatawa,akasin haka kuma idan mutum bai
aikata ba,to shai]an yayi kaye akan sa kenan.to haka nan abun yake,wajen
hane-hane na addini,shima ko ya samu galaba akan shai]an,ta hanyar idan ya hanu
ko kuma shai]an ya samu galaba akan sa,idan bai hanu ba.Saboda haka mutum koda
wane lokaci dole ne ya kasance cikin mujahada har ya kai matsayi na
“UBUDIYYA”wato zama abd[bawa] na Allah[T] idan mutum ya kai wannan matsayi,to ya
kai matsayin da shai]an
bai da sul]a wato iko akan sa,sai dai yayi abunda zai yi,amma zai zamo basu da
tasiri a zuciya,kamar yadda Allah ma]aukaki yake fa]a ma shai]an “Bayina baka
da sul]a akan su”C-Daga cikin hanyoyin tsarkake zuciya, akwai ayyuka na
ibadodi,kamar salloli,karatun Al-}ur-ani,azkar,Adduo’i,azumi da dai
sauransu,wa]annan misalai na ibadodi da aka ambata,abinci ne ga zuciya kuma
sabulun wanki ne gareta,wato dashi take rayuwa dashi kuma take wankuwa,saboda
haka duk lokacin da mutum ya yawaita karatun Al-}ur’ani da zikirori da salloli
na nafil-fili,to tamkar yana tsarkake zuciyar sane,daga dattin zunubai da
gafala da dai sauran su.
5-Abubuwan
da suke kai wa ga bushewar zuciya:Shima wannan malaman irfan,sunyi bayani akai,
na
wa]annan abubuwa shima ga guda ukku daga
ciki.A-Gafala:Idan zuciya ta kasance ko da wane lokaci tana cikin gafala daga
tunanin Allah[T] ko tunanin mutuwa da abinda
ke bayanta,misali }abari,tashin }iyama,wuta……to irin wannan
zuciya tana iya bushewa ta kuma }e}ashe,ya kasance duhu ya mamaye ta.B-daga
cikin abubuwan da suke busar da zuciya akwai zunubi,wato zunubai su kansa
zuciya ta bushe,ya zamanto ba haske acikin ta.shi yasa malaman irfan suna yawan
}arfafawa sosai ga duk wanda yake son kama hanyar suluki zuwa ga Allah[T] da ya nisanci zunubi,domin illolin zunubi
suna da yawa, addinin mutum da duniyar sa da kuma lahirar sa.C-Daga cikin abubuwan da suke janyo bushewar
zuciya akwai yawan Magana ba tare da
ambaton Allah ba.kamar yadda yazo a hadisi daga Manzon Allah[S] yace, “Kada ku
yawaita magana ba tare da ambaton Allah ba,domin ya waita magana ba tare da
ambaton Allah ba, yana }e}asar
da zuciya,acikin mutane wanda yafi nisa daga wajen Allah shine mai }e}asarsar
zuciya.”D-daga cikin ababen da suke janyo bushewar zuciya akwai tsawai ta
buri,yazo a hadisi cewa, daga cikin abubuwan da Allah yace ma Annabi Musa[AS] lokacin da yake munajati dashi, “Ya Musa
kada ka tsawaita burin ka a duniya,zuciyar ka sai ta }e}ashe,kuma mai }e}asar
sar zuciya,manisanci ne gareni.” [i] 6-Alamomin
bushewar zuciya,shima wannan malaman irfan sunyi bayanai akai,shima ga guda
ukku daga ciki
.A-Daga
cikin alamomin bushewar zuciya,akwai bushewar idanuwa wato ya kasance idanuwan
mutum basu iya zubar da hawaye ko kuka saboda tsoron Allah ko tunanin ha]uwa
das hi,ko tunanin mutuwa da abinda ke bayanta.wato kamar dai yadda yazo a
hadisi,da aka samo daga Manzon Allah[S] “Bushewar idanuwa yana daga
bushewar zuciya,bushewar zuciya yana daga zunubi.” Shigen wani hadisi da aka
samo daga Imam Ali[AS] yace, “Idanuwa basu bushe ba
face saboda }e}ashewar
zuciya,zuciya bata }e}ashe ba face saboda yawan zunubi.”Har wala yau akwai
hadisi da aka samo daga Imam Ba}ir[AS] yace,
“Allah[T] yana da u}ubobi
a zukata da jikkuna,bawa bai samu wata u}uba mafi girma ba,kamar }e}ashewar
zuciya. “wato hadisin na nuna cewa,Allah kan yima bawa u}uba sakamakon mummunan
aikin sa, imma a jikin sa, misali rashin lafiya ko a zuciyar sa,misali
}e}ashewar ta.to acikin wa]annan u}ubobi guda biyu wannan shi yafi girma.domin
rashin lafiyar jiki in mutum ya mutu shi ken an,amma rahin lafiyar zuciya kamar
}e}ashewar ta,in mutum ya mutu bai tuba ba zai bishi har lahira ne. B-Daga cikin,alamomin
bushewar zuciya akwai rashin kushu’i cikin sallah,da kuma rashin halartar da
zuciya acikin ta ,wato ya kasance mutum na sallah,amma zuciyarsa na wani
waje.ko kuma yana wasu ayyuka na ibadodi,misali karatun Al-}ur’ani,Azkar,biya
adduo’i,ko biya ziyarori na Ma’asumin[AS] da dai suransu, amma
zuciyarsa na cikin gafala na abubuwan da yake biyaw.Saboda haka rashin halartar
da zuciya a ibadodi da rashin kushu’i, acikinsu na nuna acikin zuciya akwai
matsala.C-Daga cikin alamomin bushewar zuciya akwai rashin tausayi,kuma
tausayin nan bai ta}aita ga mutane ba kawai,a’a har ma ga wasu halitta,misali
dabbobi,domin tausaya ma dabba yana iya sanadiyyar shigar mutum al-janna,kamar
yadda yazo a }issar wani mutum da yaji }ishi,ya samu wata rijiya ya sha ruwa,ya
juya zai tafi sai ga kare yazo yana jin }ishi,ya ]ebo ruwan ya bashi,sai Allah[T] yayo wahayi ga Annabin lokacin,akan cewa
Allah[T] ya gode masa,zai kuma shigar dashi aljanna,kan wannan aiki nasa.mu
duba mugani tausayawa ga dabba kenan,to ina ga mutum,shi yasa yana da gayar
muhimmanci mutum ya zamanto mai tausayawa ma mutane a addinin su da kuma
duniyar su,shi yasa idan irin wannan tausayi ya ginu a zuciyar mutum,cutarwar
mutane gareshi,sakamakon bin tafarkin gwa-gwarmaya ko riko da Ahlul-bait[AS]
bai damuwa dashi,tausayin su da yake ji na abunda zasu fuskanta a makoma,sai ya
cire mai zogin cutarwar,yazo akan cewa a ranar ashura,an ga Imam Husain[AS]
yana hawaye, aka tambaye shi dangane da haka,yace yana tausayin wa]annan mutanan ne,zasu
shiga wuta saboda shi.Haka nan yazo a tarihin Imam khumain,wani lokaci idan
yana kallon Tv aka nuna wani abin ban tausayi,kamar a nuno yadda wasu suke cikin wata matsala ko wata
musiba da ta same su,akan ga hawaye na zubo masa.In-sha Allah a darasi na gaba
za a ]ora akai.
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