Bayani kan shakka na Sallah.

A darasin da ya gabata,wato darasi na biyar,an kammala shinfi]a da kuma gabatarwa,aka yi bayanin cewa a darasi na gaba in sha Allah, za a shiga babin farko wato babin tsarki.To kasantuwar babobin fi}hu suna da yawa,wa]ansu fu}aha sun tafi a kan babobi hamsin ne,wato tun daga babin tsarki zuwa babin diyyat.

wa]annan babobi dukkan su suna da muhimman ci,amma muhimman cin wa]ansu babobin yafi wasu.wasu mas’alolin wajibine ma sanin su,kamar yadda Imam Khumaini yayi bayani a cikin littafin Tahrirul wasila a gabatarwa a mas’ala ta 23,yana cewa wajibi ne sanin mas’alolin shakka da sahawu da dai makaman tansu na abin da yake galibi mahallil ibtila’a.wato ake fuskantar jarrabawar sa yau  da kullum.To akan asasin haka nai tunanin farawa da irin wa]annan babobi muhimmai na mahallil ibtila’a.

                Saboda haka  wannan darasi zai guda ne akan mas’alolin shakka da sujudi sahwu da Raka’atul-ihtiyat ko salatu-ihtiyat,salatu-ihtiyat, raka’a ce ko raka’oi da ake yi domin gyara wasu shakkoki da suka auku acikin sallah,bayanin haka zai kasance nan gaba.wani tambihi anan shine Raka’atul ihtiyat ko salatu-ihtiyat,a fi}hun Imamiyya kawai yake,wato babu shi a fi}hun Ahlus-sunna,kamar yadda har wala yau ba sujudar }abliyya a fi}hun imamiyya sai sujudar ba’adiyya.Da yake tun farkon wannan darasi na fi}hu an yi bayani za a dunga mu}arana tsakanin mazhabobin Ahlus-sunna da na imamiyya,amma za a }arfafa a fi}hun imamiyya ne a darussan.Saboda haka a wannan mas’ala ta sujudar }abliyya da baadiyya,mazhabar malikiyya dashafi’iyya da hanbaliyya sune ka]ai suka tafi akan yin sujudar }abliyya,amma mazhabar hanafiyya da imamiyya sun tafi akan rashin yinta,wato sai sujudar baadiyya kawai.          Saboda haka bayani a nan zai kasance a matakai guda biyu1-Bayani kan shakka a sallah.2-Bayani kan raka’ar ihtiyat.                                                                                                                 1-Bayani kan shakka a sallah-Shakka a sallah ya kasu kashi ukku,na farko  shakka a raka’oin ita sallar,misali mutum ne yana sallah sai yana shakka raka’a 2 yayi ko 3.ko kuma raka’a 3 yayi ko 4 da dai sauran su,to ya zai yi.Na biyu ko shakka a ayyukan sallar,misali mutum ne yana sallah,bayan daya soma karatun fatiha ko kafin ya soma karatun fatiha sai yana shakka yayi takbiratul-ihram ko bai yiba.ko kuma wani misali yana sallah,yana cikin karatun sura sai shakka tazo masa na ya karanta fatiha ko bai karanta ba da dai sauran su,to ya zai yi.Na ukku ko shakka a asalin yin sallar,misali yana sallar asar sai shakka tazo masa yayi sallar azahar ko bai yi ba,da dai sauran su,to ya zai yi.Bayani dangane da wa]annan shakkoki guda  ukku a ta}aice.           

Na farko shakka a raka’oin sallah,Idan irin wannan shakka ta auku,A- akwai wadda take ~ata sallah.B-akwai wadda za a iya gyarawa.C-akwai wadda ba a la akari da ita.Shakka a raka’oin da suke ~ata sallah sune.sallolin farilla mai raka’a 2,raka’a 3,da kuma raka’oi 2 na farko a sallolin farilla masu raka,a 4.Saboda haka idan mutum na sallar asuba ko magariba sai shakka ta same shi, na raka’a nawa yayi,misali yana shakkar raka’a ]aya yayi ko biyu.To anan sallah ta ~aci, sai dai ya soma sabuwa,Haka nan ma a raka’a oi biyu na farko na sallar azahar,la’asar da kuma isha’a,idan shakka ta samu mutum a wa]annan raka’oi biyu na farkon su, wato yana shakkar raka’a 1 yayi ko 2,to anan ma sallah ta ~aci.Haka nan a sallah ta }asaru,ita ma idan mutun na yinta sai shakka ta same shi,yana tunanin raka’a 1 yayi ko 2,to shima sallah ta ~aci,sai dai ya sake sabuwar sallah.Wa]annan da aka kawo sune  shakkar da in ta auku,a raka’oin su,suke ~ata sallah.Sai kuma shakkar da inta auku,za a iya gyarawa, wato sallah bata ~aci ba.Su guda takwas ne,sune1-Shakka tsakanin raka’a 2 da 3 amma fa da shara]in bayan ya kamala sujuda guda biyu,to a nan sai yayi gini a kan raka’a ukku,sai yazo da raka’a ta 4.ya cika sallarsa,bayan ya sallame sallar,zai yi raka’ar ihtiya]i,a nan yana da za~i wato na raka’ar ihtiya] ]in,ko dai yayi raka’a ]aya a tsaye ko kuma raka’a biyu a zaune.In-sha Allah nan gaba ka]an bayani zai zo na yadda ake yin wannan sallah ta ihtiya]i da kuma wasu mas’alolin ta.2-Shakka tsakanin raka’a 3 da 4,to haka in ta faru sai mutum yayi gini a kan hu]u yayi,hukuncin gyaran sa kamar na baya ne.wato bayan ya kamala sallar sa,zai yi raka’a ]aya ta ihtiya]i a tsaye ko kuma raka’a biyu na ihtiya]i a zaune.3-Shakka tsakanin raka’a 2 da 4 amma da shara]in bayan ya kamala sujuda  guda biyu wato na raka’a biyun farkon,to a nan in haka ya faru,abin da zai yi shine sai yayi gini a kan raka’a hu]u yayi,bayan ya sallame sallar sai yayi raka’ar ihtiya]i guda biyu a tsaye.4-Shakka tsakanin raka’a 2 ko 3 ko 4,to anan idan mutun na sallah haka ta same shi,yadda zai yi shine,zai yi gini a kan hu]u yayi,bayan ya sallame sallar sa,zai yi raka’ar ihtiya]i biyu a tsaye da kuma biyu a zaune.sai dai anan na tsayen zai soma gabatarwa wato kafin raka’oin zaunan.5-Shakka tsakanin raka’a 4 da 5,wato mutum na sallah sai shakka ta zo mashi,raka’a 4 yayi ko 5,to a nan akwai fuskoki guda biyu,na farko ko haka ya faru ne a lokacin daya ]ago kai a sujuda ta }arshe,to anan zai yi gini akan hu]u yayi,saboda haka sai yayi tashahhud wato tahiya yayi sallama.bayan haka sai yayi sujudu sahwu, wato baadiyya,fuska ta biyu ko haka ya faru ne yana tsaye, to a nan hukuncin sa irin na wanda yayi shakka ne,tsakanin 3 da 4,sai yayi gini akan 4,kuma wajibi ne ya rusa tsayuwar sa,wato zai zauna ne,yayi tahiya yayi sallama,bayan haka kuma sai yayi raka’ar ihtiya] guda biyu a zaune, ko kuma guda ]aya a tsaye. 6-Shakka tsakanin raka’a 3 da 5,lokacin da mutum yake tsaye,shima wannan hukuncin sa ko abinda zai yin a irin wanda yayi shakka ne tsakanin 2 da 4,wato zai yi gini a kan hu]u yayi,bayan ya sallame sai yayi raka’ar ihtiya]i guda biyu a tsaye. 7-Shakka tsakanin raka’a 3 da 4 da 5 lokacin da mutum yake tsaye,shima  abinda zai yi na shigen wanda yayi shakka ne tsakanin 2 da 3 da 4 wato zai ]auka hu]u yayi,bayan yayi sallamar sallarsa sai yayi raka’ar ihtiya]i biyu a tsaye da kuma biyu a zaune. 8-Shakka tsakanin 5 da 6,yana tsaye,to shima hukuncin sa,irin na wanda yayi shakka ne tsakanin 4 da 5,saboda haka zai rusa tsayuwar sa ta biyar wato ya zauna,bayan yayi tashahhud ko tahiya yayi sallama,sai yayi sujudu sahawu kawai,sai dai abin lura a nan kamar yadda yazo a hukunci sujudar sahawun zai yi sau biyu ne,Wa]annan sune shakkoki guda takwas,wa]anda in sun auku za a iya gyara akai.Amma Imamu khumaini yayi bayani cewa,shakka ta nombar 5,6,7,8.bayan mutum yayi gyaran su,to ihtiya]i is-tihibabi.wato taka tsan-tsan shine mutum ya sake sallar.

Sai kuma wasu  mas’aloli da suke da ala}a da shakka na raka’oi.Mas’ala-1-Idan irin wannan shakka ta auku ga mutum,sai daga baya ta gushe,to shi kenan ba komi akan sa,misali mutum yana sallah sai shakka tazo masa akan raka’a ta 3 yake ko ta 4,yana cikin wannan tunanin sai ya}ini yazo masa akan raka’a ta 3 yake,to anan shike nan ba komi akan sa,in da wa]ancan hukunce-hukunce na gyara yake hawa kan mutum sai idan shakkar bata gushe ba,amma idan ta gushe,shika nan ba komi kan mutum.Mas’ala ta-2-Dukkan shakkok na raka’oii wa]anda basu cikin wa]annan guda takwas da aka ambata,suna wajab tar da ~acin sallah,kuma idan aka lura dukkak wa]annan shakkoki guda takwas da aka ambata,a sallah mai raka’a hu]u ne suke,wato sallar azahar,la’asar da kuma isha’i.kuma abun lura na biyu shine dukkan su su kan kasan ce ne bayan raka’a biyu na farkon su,domin shakka a raka’a biyun farkon su,yana ~ata sallah ne.wato in ya auku baza a,iya gyarawa ba,sai dai a sake sabuwar sallah.Mas’ala ta-3-Wanda bai iya Tashi tsaye yayi sallah,sai irin wannan shakka da ake raka’atul-ihtiyat a tsaye ta bijiro masa,to zai yita a zaune ne.Mas’ala ta-4-Bai halatta ga mutum idan irin wa]annan shakkoki  da ake iya gyarawa sun bijiro masa yace ya yenke sallah ya fari sabuwa,abin day a wajaba akan sa shine,yayi aiki, irin na wannan shakkar.Mas’ala ta-5-Idan ]ayan wa]annan shakkoki guda takwas ya bijiro ma mutum,alhali yana cikin sallah,kuma bai san yadda zai yi ba,to anan ya danganta ]ayan biyu,in akwai yelwar lokaci na sallar,kuma zai iya zuwa ya bincika,misali ta hanyar ya tambaya ko ya bincika a littafi,to anan Imam khumain yace mutum na iya yenke sallar,ya bincika ]in.amma yace mutum zai iya kamala sallar da abin da mutum yake tsammani haka ne zai yi,bayan sallar sai ya bincika.in yayi muwafa}a yace ya wadatar, in kuma bai yi ba to sai ya sake sallah.Wannan hukunci in akwai yelwar lokaci kenan kuma mutum zai iya bincikawa.To idan ba yelwar lokaci,ko kuma mutum ba zai iya bincikawa ba,to anan Imam yace abin da ya ayyana akan sa, shine aiki da abinda yafi rinjaye azuciyar sa,misali yana tunanin kaza ne zai yi wani kuma tunanin nace masa kaza ne,wato sai yayi aiki da abin da yafi rinjaye a tunanin sa,in kuma ba wanda ya rinjaya to sai yayi aiki da kowanne,ya kammala sallar haka,bayan nan sai ya sake sabuwar sallah a matsayin ihtiya]i.Mas’ala ta-6-Zato a adadin raka’oi yana matsayin ya}ini ne,misali mutum na sallah sai yana zaton a raka’a ta 2 yake,to anan zai tafi akan raka’a ta biyun yake,haka nan yana zaton a ta 3 yake to zai tafi a kan ta ukkun,da yake shi zato yafi shakka }arfi,domin akwai shakka,akwai zato,akwai kuma ya}ini,to a wannan mas’ala ta zato a adadin raka’oi sai shari’a taba zato matsayi na ya}ini.kuma wani tambihi anan shine idan zato ya bijiro ma mutum koda a sallah mai raka’a biyu ne misali kamar sallar asuba,ko ta magriba ko kuma biyun farko na sallah mai raka’a hu]u,to anan zai yi aiki da zaton kuma sallah bata ~aci ba,sa~anin ko inda shakka ne ta auku,a misalan da aka bayar to anan sallah ta ~aci.

Bayanin yadda ake yin sallar ihtiya]i ko raka’ar ihtiya]i.Raka’ar ihtiya]i wajiba ce,saboda haka in ta samu mutum dole ne yazo da ita,wato bai halatta mutum ya bar ta yace ya sake sabuwar sallah ko kuma mutum yace yayi baadiyya a makwafin ta.kuma mutum na sallame sallah,mubashara tan zai yi ta,wato ba tare da yayi jinkiri ba,misali ace baadiyya mutum zai yi,ai yana sallamewa zai yita kai tsaye,to ita ma haka ne.kaifiyya ]in yin ta,wato yadda ake yinta shine,bayan mutum yayi sallama sai ya mi}e tsaye da niyyar yin raka’ar ihtiya]i,sai yayi kabbarar harama,ya biya fatiha,amma ba a biya mata sura,fatiha kawai ake karantaw,kuma karatun a ~oye ba abayyane ba,kuma ba a }unuti a cikin ta,bayan mutum ya kammala fatihar sai yayi ruku’u da sujuda guda biyu,bayan haka sai ya zauna yayi tashahhud wato tahiya,bayan haka sai yayi sallama,shike nan,ya gama.To haka zai yi ko da yazo akan cewa raka’atul-ihtiya] ]in a zaune ne zai yi,da yake wani lokaci ya kanzo a kan cewa a tsaye mutum zai yi wani lokaci kuma a zaune,wani lokaci kuma a tsaye da zaune.to ko ta wace fuska tazo,wannan dai shine yadda ake yin ta.Sai wasu mas’aloli da suke da ala}a da raka’atul-ihtiyat.Mas’ala ta -1-Idan mutum wanda sallar ihtiya]I ta hau kan sa,to bayan day a gama sallah,sai shakka tazo masa yayi sallar ihtiya]in ko bai yiba,to in bayan fitar lokacin sallah ne shakkar tazo masa,to anan zai yi watsi ne da ita,in ko a cikin lokaci ne,kuma bai shiga cikin wani aiki na dabam ba,kuma bai zo da abinda yake ~ata sallah ba,kuma lokaci bai tsawaita ba,to sai yayi gini akan bai zo da ita ba,wato ma’ana mutum sai yayi ta.misali ace dama yana nan inda yayi sallar, kuma bai yi wa]annan ababen da aka ambata ba,nan take sai yayi sallar ihtiya]in.Mas’ala ta -2-Da zai yi shakka a wani aiki daga ayyukan salatul-ihtiya],to zai zo dashi idan yana a mahallin,in ko ya wuce mahallin aikin sai yayi gini  akan yayi,to da zai yi shakka akan raka’ointa,a nan zai yi gini ne,akan abin da yafi yawa,misali yana shakka raka’a 1 yayi ko 2.to sai ya ]auka biyu ne yayi,to amma inda shakka yake biyu ne yayi ko ukku, to anan zai ]auka biyu ne yayi.Mas’la ta -3-Da mutum wanda sallar ihtiya] ta hau kan sa,to da ya gama sallah sai ya manta,ya shiga wata sallah ta nafila ce ko ta farilla,to a nan zai yank e sallar ne,yazo da sallar ihtiya] ]in.In-sha Allah a darasi na gaba,za a yi bayani kan shakka a ayyukan sallah da kuma shakka a asalin yin sallar da kuma sujudi sahawu.